The History Of The Social Welfare Sociology Essay

The History Of The Social benefit Sociology EssayThis grant is going to discuss the roles and purpose of British social social well-being res populacea. This assignment will look at what eudaemonia state is and the problems which society faced in the past century ab step forward the sad muckle. Also, the showtime administrative unit of Britain alongside with how unworthy law passed and the beverage report.This assignment is based on roles and purpose of social offbeat state. The United Kingdom upbeat state was conventional in 1942 by William Beverage due to the bit World War which caused social problems to the British citizens. The G all overnment stepped forwarfared as to provide for its people by introducing wellbeing State as a way of constraintling these problems. Welfare state is a retort to social problems whereby brass activity undertakes the responsible to safeguard the health and well-being of its people, particularly those in financial or social fill, b y means of grants, aids, and other benefits (Leistering Walker, 1998). It is based on the principals of equal opportunity, equitable distribution of wealthiness and frequent responsibilities of people that lack provision for a groovy life.The origin of the welfare state was from the sixteenth century. Britain expected the worst when the Second World War broke up in 1939. Due to war many people were affected by social problems much(prenominal) as poverty and many muzzy their jobs which resulted in high unemployment. The majority of the people were living in overcrowded poor housing facilities such(prenominal) as (slums) because council signboards were not enough. Diseases were spreading because of lack of clean water, and sick people could not have property to explore treatment and this resulted in many people dying. Due to these events the presidential term policy brought a channel towards the contend that was provided for the people. Welfare legislation was developed t o make sure that every(prenominal)one had access to theatrical role of life due to the humans war (Spicker, 2012).The idea of the Elizabeth law was based on the plan that the regimen was in charge on administration and control of poor relief. Elizabeth presidential term realised that they would create some strategy of rules to support people. Parish was the first basic administrative unit in Britain to take responsibility for the people who were poor and as well had control to force people to pay a local tax to assist the poor. People who could not institute such as old people and disabled were provided with accommodation in parish houses and also apt(p) specie called the outdoor relief. However, this caused an impact on the increase of the cost of poor relief. The outdoor relief pay which was given to assist the poor in tough times and by doing this it was regarded as encouraging leaners to re main sleeping undermining the 19th century principles of thrift and hard wor k (Frohman, 2008). It was also argued that that the poor law encouraged the yield of poverty (Spicker, 2012).In 1834 a new pathetic law of nature was introduced. People assumed that it was a good idea and they welcomed it thinking that it would lessen the cost of looking after the poor. People thought that beggars were going to be taken off the streets and for those people who were poor they were going to be encouraged to look after themselves. This poor law encouraged people to be independent and to dish out themselves by making ends meet. The new Poor Law ensured that those poor people who were housed in workhouses were getting some assistants in terms of clothing, food and money .Children were offered schooling when they entered the workhouse. In return for this care, all workhouse paupers would have to work for several hours each day. However, these workhouses were a schema of encouraging poor people to work. The new poor law also help shaverren who entered the work house to be educated it also ensure that the less privilege to get house in return.In reaction, the poor law of 1834 introduced a poor relief which imposed the principle of less eligibility. This new system act took a much harsher line towards help for the poor people whereby strict rules and regulations were put in place for people to follow (Harris, 2004). Families were separated and were not allowed to see each other. The Law stated that no healthy person was to be given money or other help from the Poor Law authorities except for people in a workhouse, and the unemployed benefits was to be provided as a exsert resort. Conditions in the workhouse were deliberately made harsh, in the hope that the poor would move out and seek work elsewhere (Hothersall Bolger, 2010).The new welfare state gradually replaced the 20th century the poor law. During 1906 a handsome political relation was pick out and introduce some reforms.1n 1908 an old age pension came to existence which allow pension to be given to people over 70s, from 1925 pension were paid to men that is over 65 and to women over 60.The national insurance act was passed in 1911 and all employees were made to contribute from their wage and the aim was to design and also for every worker who felt sick was entitled to promiscuous treatment were given to every worker that feel sick. The contributions were to help the workers in future in situations when they become ill or out of work. In 1920 the scheme was elongate to most people but not all work houses became supererogatory and then poor law was abolished.Top of FormBottom of FormIn 1941 an enquiry was established to plan how best it can be to shape up the welfare state. Beveridge held the opportunity as to out again the script, and then redesigned the contours of British welfare. By accident the report of the publication of his report was delayed and was produced in November 1942. Although largely a creation of ideas including Beveridges which had been ar ound for some it was a successful to tackle social problems such as the five giants.In 1942 William beverage prepared a report called the Beveridge regarding the welfare of the individuals on how the government could help people in poverty and also to reduce inequality. This report focused on how the government should find ways of fighting the five Giant Evils of Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness which was caused by world war. The government was committed to provide care for the people of Britain to ensure that everyone had quality of life. The 1942 Beveridge report started in the mental home of welfare state, and involved the main changes and these included the national insurance based on 3 assumptions such as family allowance, National Health Service and full employment. The welfare state was produced to promote the provision of services for the public not only a response to poverty. Implementing Beveridge was immediately seen as part of winning the peace and also se rved as the blue print for the British welfare state (Hothersall Bolger, 2010).In 1945 when labour government was elected new services were introduced by the labour government and these included family allowances (Laybourn, 1995) and this created debates regarding the welfare state within occur choose governments. The government introduced the Education Act 1944 which tackled lack of schooling. The 1946 National Health Act was concerned with improving the quality of health among the population. The 1946 National Insurance Act was created to cover all personal risks such as unemployment and illness. The NHS started run and it provided a service to the population at a low cost. The 1945 Housing 1948 labour government extended the social security and a program of free medical care, Housing, Education and the Welfare of the Children. The National avail Act 1948 means- tested for people in lower income below a standard set by government and for unemployed people. The 1948 Children Ac t was also another important element. After 1948 the key elements of the welfare state was understood as social security, Health, Housing, Education and welfare of children (Lowe, 2005).In the 1950 the government took over and slashed the help which was given to the poor and the sick. This created the provision of welfare state services to become more problematic and the interventions of the government caused further problems on that time. This then made the distribution of income more imbalanced and although they attempted to make the poor more hardworking and self sufficient it didnt work.The rolling back the state was revolved around the need to hurt public spending as a way of reducing impact on public affair. Thatcher (1979-97) promised to reduce taxes and to lower the level of public spending and less state intervention. Thatcher opposed a welfare system and the welfare state began to break down resulted in retreat for housing and pension. The conservative government discoura ged individuals and families from relying on the welfare state and promoted business and private enterprise. The Conservative changed the balance of welfare pulmonary tuberculosis towards health and social security at the expense of education and housing. Thatcher revolution was less radical and the welfare spending remained stationary between the late (1970).Thatcher stated that welfare spending was weighing down the world-wide competitiveness and also creating a dependency culture which also was supported by the government and acted to cut back the welfare state (Clasen, 2003). They were some cut back in Housing such as in building, maintenance and subsidization, as a way of driving up local authority rent levels (Maclennan Gibb, 1990). In Social Security welfare bills were introduced by cutting entitlements such as Unemployment Benefit and people were pushed on to means-tested support (Clasen, 2003). Under Child Support Scheme absent parents were required to contribute towards the child maintenance as a way of serving some of the welfare state money. The conservative government regarded NHS as a burden on the economy despite being popular since 1980 and was named as the cozy market. As a result the NHS and Community Act were created in (1990) and introduced so many changes. This act recommended the introduction of a split for those who purchase the service and those who provide the services. The aim for that was to control costs and make the system more open to patients (Propper, et al. 2008).When new labour came into office in 1997 and welfare remained in the top priority. Welfare reform was a new labour agenda which led to a change on the welfare state. Regardless of Conservative critics of the welfare, new labour argued that new welfare policies were needed to improve poverty, inequality, health and education. The main aim of labour was to develop the NHS by rebuilding it and also promote choice for the patients and also free of charge. However, the white paper was published and health reforms were discussed which led to the Health Act (1999). This new policy brought change and encouraged cooperation and partnership between NHS and other care providers and it abolished the internal markets which were introduced by the Conservative government. Labour introduced the Welfare -to-work a policy for employment aiming at helping people to work and support themselves especially youthful people, single parents and those out of work. Another issue was to tackle the social exclusion of underprivileged people who had no access income and also to social institution. Those people from poorer families in work were to get benefits increase through impose Credits. Labours approach was to try to cut down the amount of child and pensioner poverty (Baldock, Mitton, Manning Vickerstaff, 2012).After 2010 the welfare state was identified by the incoming of the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition there was change in the areas such as healthcare , schools and social security.In conclusion the welfare state was developed due to the number of factors contributed by world war such as unemployment, sickness and poverty.Top of Form